Pross’ Test

Pross’ Test for Distinguishing Pressure Groups from Other Elements in the Political System

Test	Criterion: A full-fledged Pressure Group will:
Organization: Does the group possess a formal organization?	possesses a formal organization;
Membership: Is membership inclusive of the interest community; self-elected from that community; or selected from that community by the existing membership?	derive its membership in one of these ways;
Power: Does the group seek power or simply influence?	seek only influence;
Resources Use: Is the group free to deploy and manage its resources as its members see fit?	substantially determine its use of resources autonomously;
Common Interest: Is the common interest determined internally?	determine its own common interest and its own long-term goals.