Highlight Notes Chapter 6

Encoding and Retrieval Processes in LTM

1. Fundamental Distinctions.
What is the controversy between the STM-LTM distinction? Provide a DETAILED explanation of both sides of the debate.

Tulving (1972, 1983) discussed two types of LTM.  Describe each IN DETAIL.

Clearly define the terms encoding, storage and retrieval. How are each of these cognitive processes related to explicit and implicit memory tests?

2.  Encoding processes in explicit LTM
How do attention, repetition, and rehearsal (both maintenance and elaborative) influence explicit encoding of information?

- what are some of the problems associated with the levels of processing paradigm? (who proposed the LOP paradigm?)

- describe two types of organization that may help increase the amount of information you encode. Describe and CLEARLY explain THREE other ways of increasing the amount of information you encode.

3. Retrieval Processes in LTM.
What is the difference between availability and accessibility?  Why is encoding specificity important?  Discuss at least THREE extensions to the encoding specificity hypothesis and provide a description of an experiment to support each.

How can retrieval be an “encoding strategy”?

4.  Neuroimaging.
Describe the HERA model in explicit detail.

5. Implicit Memory.
	How does implicit memory differ from explicit memory?  How do the memory systems and transfer-appropriate processing accounts differ in their accounts of implicit and explicit memory?

6.Memory improvement (see also bonus assignment).
	How can you improve your memory for the material in this class?

Do all of the STOP and THINK exercises on pages 212, 219, 225, 228, 232, 236, 242, 247 and 249.
Do all of the STOP and REVIEW sections (pages 214, 225, 234, 244 and 250).  Define all of the key terms on pages 251-252 and try the “flashcards” found on the textbook web site.

BONUS  provide a one-two page (double-spaced) review of an empirical article directly related to the study of memory improvement – two articles have been posted to the web site for you to select from. 	

All  bonus assignments for CHs 6-8, 10-12 are due last day of classes. A maximum of 3 bonus assignments will be accepted.  Bonus marks will be added to you final exam mark.